Which layer of the skin serves as a protective cushion and energy storage?

The subcutaneous layer, also known as the hypodermis, plays a crucial role in the body by serving as a protective cushion and providing energy storage. This layer is situated beneath the dermis and is composed primarily of fat cells (adipocytes) and connective tissue. The fat in this layer acts as an insulator to help regulate body temperature, as well as a cushion to protect underlying muscles and bones from trauma.

In addition to protection and insulation, the subcutaneous layer serves as a reserve of energy. The stored fat can be metabolized when the body requires energy, making this layer vital for overall energy management.

Understanding the specific functions of the skin layers helps clarify why the subcutaneous layer is recognized for these roles, as opposed to the dermis, epidermis, or the stratum corneum, which serve different purposes within the body's overall structure and function.